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Vznik nordického konceptu ako predstupeň európskej jazzovej emancipácie a Slovensko – škandinávske väzby (1950 – 1970)

The jazz trends in the early 1950s showed that the concept of American cool jazz was inspirational for the Swedish scene, and that the sound and mood of Lennie Tristano’s, Miles Davis’, Stan Getz’s, and Paul Desmond’s music were in tune with Nordic feelings. Mutual interactions between American and Scandinavian jazz gave birth to the Scandinavian Jazz School. The School has built upon original cool jazz principles and become one of the important contributors to world jazz, progressively extending beyond Scandinavia. The so-called “Nordic sound” originated and developed through personal relationships with world-known American musicians, and was assisted, mainly since the 1970s, by the systematic endeavor of the ECM label; “Nordic sound” has been an example of a sustained ‘glocalization’ and globalization symbiosis.

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Gabriel Jonáš, slovenský jazzový klavirista

Gabriel Jonáš is a leading Slovak jazz musician. He has made major contributions in shaping the Slovak and Czech jazz scene since the 1970s. The paper focuses on Jonáš’ most significant artistic, compositional and performing activities from jazzrock through to fusion music, and into modal mainstream. Using sheet music transcripitons and recordings, the author demonstrates the influence of American jazz on Jonáš’ compositions and also the progression of Slovak jazz development.

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Hodnota tradičného a progresívneho v jazzovom vývoji

Recently, two important syntheses on European jazz have been published: Eurojazzland:Jazz and European Sources, Dynamics, and Contexts by Luca Cerchiari, Laurent Cugny and Franz Kerschbaumer (2012); and Jazz behind the Iron Curtain by Gertrud Pickhan and Rüdiger Ritter (2009). The publications show the division of European jazz scenes between east and west, and they also deal with the methodological inconsistencies in jazz research and analysis which have precluded an integrated chronological approach to jazz events, personalities and styles. Progress, although regarded as the foremost quality, is not the only value in jazz development; and, especially since the death of Miles Davis, it has become a rather vague one. On the other hand, for the further development of jazz it is essential to respect the genre‘s traditions which foster jazz personalities to preserve the older jazz styles; however, for the future of jazz, qualities such as creative musicianship, innovation, jazz promotion and education, advocacy and popularization are equally important. These values are demonstrated by such personalities as the Slovak jazz singer Peter Lipa (b.1943) and the Czech-Slovak- Australian jazz pianist Viktor Zappner (b.1936).

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