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Scientific Journal

innovation

Miles Davis – From Bebop to Hip Hop. The Fifties

· · Musicologica 1/2016, Rock Pop Jazz

Tonality, which began in Europe, challenges the Second Viennese School of Schöenberg, Webern and Berg, again strongly reinforces the American pop music, while tonal feeling of jazz already with bebop elements (chromaticisms, bitonality, seconds, expansion of forms and structures) were in crisis and it started in the 50s its own way; a path that indicates further new perspectives for the future: moving away from the song form and improvisation based on chords performed by Cecil Taylor, a tendency towards expressive possibilities offered by modality and the nascent interest in multinational elements of ethnic music. A new musical language is coupled with technological innovations; while the radio is added to television and film production and is progressing rapidly as a worldwide phenomenon. Recording on magnetic tapes and LPs birth (ie disc 33 rpm) again extends and modifies creative relationships and the pursuit of confrontation in music. But it is hard-bop stream that Miles Davis intuitively senses and spreads even before pianist Horace Silver, drummer Art Blakey, trumpeter Clifford Brown and others formally directed the use of the typical African-American themes.

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The Value of the Traditional and the Progressive in Jazz Development

· · Musicologica 1/2014, Rock Pop Jazz

Recently, two important syntheses on European jazz have been published: Eurojazzland:Jazz and European Sources, Dynamics, and Contexts by Luca Cerchiari, Laurent Cugny and Franz Kerschbaumer (2012); and Jazz behind the Iron Curtain by Gertrud Pickhan and Rüdiger Ritter (2009). The publications show the division of European jazz scenes between east and west, and they also deal with the methodological inconsistencies in jazz research and analysis which have precluded an integrated chronological approach to jazz events, personalities and styles. Progress, although regarded as the foremost quality, is not the only value in jazz development; and, especially since the death of Miles Davis, it has become a rather vague one. On the other hand, for the further development of jazz it is essential to respect the genre‘s traditions which foster jazz personalities to preserve the older jazz styles; however, for the future of jazz, qualities such as creative musicianship, innovation, jazz promotion and education, advocacy and popularization are equally important. These values are demonstrated by such personalities as the Slovak jazz singer Peter Lipa (b.1943) and the Czech-Slovak- Australian jazz pianist Viktor Zappner (b.1936).

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